Multimode and single-mode optical fibre: standards, classes, compatibility and splicing • OPC UA (IEC 62541): integration of SCADA, DCS and MES • MQTT and Sparkplug B for energy telemetry and SCADA • DLMS/COSEM (IEC 62056): smart metering and AMI • Modbus TCP and RTU for energy measurement and control • DNP3 (IEEE 1815): telecontrol for power networks • IEC 61850: communication and models for digital substations • IEC 60870-5-101: serial telecontrol in power systems • Multimode and single-mode optical fibre: standards, classes, compatibility and splicing • OPC UA (IEC 62541): integration of SCADA, DCS and MES • MQTT and Sparkplug B for energy telemetry and SCADA • DLMS/COSEM (IEC 62056): smart metering and AMI • Modbus TCP and RTU for energy measurement and control • DNP3 (IEEE 1815): telecontrol for power networks • IEC 61850: communication and models for digital substations • IEC 60870-5-101: serial telecontrol in power systems •